Assessment Literacy Among Secondary School Biology Teachers in Enugu State: A Mixed-Methods Study

Anyanwu, Obinna; Bello, Amina

Research ArticleOpen Access

Assessment Literacy Among Secondary School Biology Teachers in Enugu State: A Mixed-Methods Study

Obinna Anyanwu¹^*, Amina Bello²

¹Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
²Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Classroom assessment shapes what students ultimately learn, yet teacher assessment literacy remains under-examined in Nigerian secondary education. This mixed-methods study surveyed 178 biology teachers and conducted follow-up interviews with 22 of them. While teachers reported confidence in constructing objective tests, analysis of their instruments revealed heavy reliance on recall-level items and limited use of formative feedback. The paper proposes a school-based professional development model targeted at assessment design.

Keywords

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Publication history

Received: 19 May 2025
Revised: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 2 October 2025
Published: 1 December 2025

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Copyright & licence. © 2025 the author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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